American Indian English Background And Development

Author : Katharina Reese
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640764579
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.70/5 ( download)

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Download or read book American Indian English: Background and Development written by Katharina Reese and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, Free University of Berlin (John-F. Kennedy Institut für Nordamerikastudien), course: Linguistic Varieties and Language Practices in the USA, language: English, abstract: When the first Europeans came to America, there existed more than 500 different Native American and Alaska Native languages. Through the contact with the English language and Euro-American cultures, the usage of indigenous languages started to decline. But it had an influence on the way Native Americans started speaking English.

Author : Katharina Reese
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640774434
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.32/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Native American Loanwords in Contemporary American English written by Katharina Reese and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,0, Free University of Berlin (John-F. Kennedy-Institut für Nordamerikastudien), course: Language Change II: Language Contact Phenomena and Change in English, language: English, abstract: The number of indigenous people that inhabited the American continent before the European settlers arrived is still debated about today. Based on numerous different sources, printed as well as online, it ranges from 8 million to 112 million people who lived in tribal societies. Those tribes were often very different in the way they lived: some societies were nomad tribes, their major source of food being hunting - which was why they followed their prey. Others lived from growing maize and plants. Again others in the rocky desert regions lived in houses which they built using the natural rock foundations of the area. There were different sizes of tribes, some being rather small, and some being huge, like for example the Aztec societies or the Anasazi people. But no matter what size the population of tribe was, or how advanced they were in their way of life, there's one thing all of them had in common: the moment of contact with the European settlers changed their lives forever. Today the number of Native American people in the United States, although slowly increasing again, is still considerably low: about 1.9 million people today consider themselves to be Native Americans. They make about one percent of the overall population of the United States of America. Throughout the last five centuries, their population was decimated by diseases and wars, caused by the invasions of European settlers. Special programs during the nineteenth century, aiming to "kill the Indian, save the man" have further added to not only the decimation of a race, but the loss of cultures and related to that, languages. Yet, a lot of aspects of Native American cultures and languages live on today in the modern languages

Author : Elbridge Streeter Brooks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.70/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Story of the American Indian written by Elbridge Streeter Brooks and published by . This book was released on 1887 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Jon Reyhner
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 0806180404
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.03/5 ( download)

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Download or read book American Indian Education written by Jon Reyhner and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2015-01-07 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this comprehensive history of American Indian education in the United States from colonial times to the present, historians and educators Jon Reyhner and Jeanne Eder explore the broad spectrum of Native experiences in missionary, government, and tribal boarding and day schools. This up-to-date survey is the first one-volume source for those interested in educational reform policies and missionary and government efforts to Christianize and “civilize” American Indian children. Drawing on firsthand accounts from teachers and students, American Indian Education considers and analyzes shifting educational policies and philosophies, paying special attention to the passage of the Native American Languages Act and current efforts to revitalize Native American cultures.

Author : William Leap
Publisher : University of Utah Press
ISBN 13 : 1607811987
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.85/5 ( download)

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Download or read book American Indian English written by William Leap and published by University of Utah Press. This book was released on 2012-03-13 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American Indian English documents and examines the diversity of English in American Indian speech communities. It presents a convincing case for the fundamental influence of ancestral American Indian languages and cultures on spoken and written expression in different Indian English codes. A distillation of over twenty years' research, this pioneering work explores the linguistic and sociolinguistic characteristics of English language use among members of Navajo, Hopi, Mojave, Ute, Tsimshian, Kotzebue, Ponca, Pima, Lakota, Cheyenne, Laguna, Santa Ana, Isleta, Chilcotin, Seminole, Cherokee, and other American Indian tribes. American Indian English fills numerous gaps in existing studies of language histories, Indian student school experience, Indian-white contact, and "acculturation." Unlike contemporary studies on schooling, ethnicity, empowerment, and educational failure, American Indian English avoids postmodernist jargon and discourse strategies in favor of direct description and commentary. Data are derived from conditions of real-life experience faced by speakers of Indian English in various English-speaking settings. This practical focus enhances the book's accessibility to Indian educators and community-based teachers, as well as non-Indian academics.

Author : David Wallace Adams
Publisher : University Press of Kansas
ISBN 13 : 0700629602
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.02/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Education for Extinction written by David Wallace Adams and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last "Indian War" was fought against Native American children in the dormitories and classrooms of government boarding schools. Only by removing Indian children from their homes for extended periods of time, policymakers reasoned, could white "civilization" take root while childhood memories of "savagism" gradually faded to the point of extinction. In the words of one official: "Kill the Indian and save the man." This fully revised edition of Education for Extinction offers the only comprehensive account of this dispiriting effort, and incorporates the last twenty-five years of scholarship. Much more than a study of federal Indian policy, this book vividly details the day-to-day experiences of Indian youth living in a "total institution" designed to reconstruct them both psychologically and culturally. The assault on identity came in many forms: the shearing off of braids, the assignment of new names, uniformed drill routines, humiliating punishments, relentless attacks on native religious beliefs, patriotic indoctrinations, suppression of tribal languages, Victorian gender rituals, football contests, and industrial training. Especially poignant is Adams's description of the ways in which students resisted or accommodated themselves to forced assimilation. Many converted to varying degrees, but others plotted escapes, committed arson, and devised ingenious strategies of passive resistance. Adams also argues that many of those who seemingly cooperated with the system were more than passive players in this drama, that the response of accommodation was not synonymous with cultural surrender. This is especially apparent in his analysis of students who returned to the reservation. He reveals the various ways in which graduates struggled to make sense of their lives and selectively drew upon their school experience in negotiating personal and tribal survival in a world increasingly dominated by white men. The discussion comes full circle when Adams reviews the government's gradual retreat from the assimilationist vision. Partly because of persistent student resistance, but also partly because of a complex and sometimes contradictory set of progressive, humanitarian, and racist motivations, policymakers did eventually come to view boarding schools less enthusiastically. Based upon extensive use of government archives, Indian and teacher autobiographies, and school newspapers, Adams's moving account is essential reading for scholars and general readers alike interested in Western history, Native American studies, American race relations, education history, and multiculturalism.

Author : Jon Allan Reyhner
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 9780806126746
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.44/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Teaching American Indian Students written by Jon Allan Reyhner and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teaching American Indian Students is the most comprehensive resource book available for educators of American Indians. The promise of this book is that Indian students can improve their academic performance through educational approaches that do not force students to choose between the culture of their home and the culture of their school. This multidisciplinary volume summarizes the latest research on Indian education, provides practical suggestions for teachers, and offers a vast selection of resources available to teachers of Indian students. Included are chapters on bilingual and multicultural education; the history of U.S. Indian education; teacher-parent relationships; language and literacy development, with particular discussion of English as a second language and American Indian literature; and teaching in the content areas of social science, science, mathematics, and physical education.

Author : Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz
Publisher : Beacon Press
ISBN 13 : 0807013145
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.44/5 ( download)

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Download or read book An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States (10th Anniversary Edition) written by Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2023-10-03 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New York Times Bestseller Now part of the HBO docuseries "Exterminate All the Brutes," written and directed by Raoul Peck Recipient of the American Book Award The first history of the United States told from the perspective of indigenous peoples Today in the United States, there are more than five hundred federally recognized Indigenous nations comprising nearly three million people, descendants of the fifteen million Native people who once inhabited this land. The centuries-long genocidal program of the US settler-colonial regimen has largely been omitted from history. Now, for the first time, acclaimed historian and activist Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz offers a history of the United States told from the perspective of Indigenous peoples and reveals how Native Americans, for centuries, actively resisted expansion of the US empire. With growing support for movements such as the campaign to abolish Columbus Day and replace it with Indigenous Peoples’ Day and the Dakota Access Pipeline protest led by the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe, An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the United States is an essential resource providing historical threads that are crucial for understanding the present. In An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the United States, Dunbar-Ortiz adroitly challenges the founding myth of the United States and shows how policy against the Indigenous peoples was colonialist and designed to seize the territories of the original inhabitants, displacing or eliminating them. And as Dunbar-Ortiz reveals, this policy was praised in popular culture, through writers like James Fenimore Cooper and Walt Whitman, and in the highest offices of government and the military. Shockingly, as the genocidal policy reached its zenith under President Andrew Jackson, its ruthlessness was best articulated by US Army general Thomas S. Jesup, who, in 1836, wrote of the Seminoles: “The country can be rid of them only by exterminating them.” Spanning more than four hundred years, this classic bottom-up peoples’ history radically reframes US history and explodes the silences that have haunted our national narrative. An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States is a 2015 PEN Oakland-Josephine Miles Award for Excellence in Literature.

Author : Sirarpi Ohannessian
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.95/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Study of the Problems of Teaching English to American Indians written by Sirarpi Ohannessian and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Julie Tetel Andresen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134976119
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.19/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Linguistics in America 1769 - 1924 written by Julie Tetel Andresen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-09-07 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout this analytical book the idea is developed that theories of language do not transcend the language in which they are written, and ways are uncovered that are peculiar to the American-language linguistic tradition.