Acoustic Performance Of The Geae Ups Research Fan In The Nasa Glenn 9 By 15 Foot Low Speed Wind Tunnel

Author : National Aeronaut Administration (Nasa)
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.23/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Acoustic Performance of the GEAE UPS Research Fan in the NASA Glenn 9- by 15-Foot Low-Speed Wind Tunnel written by National Aeronaut Administration (Nasa) and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2020-08-21 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model advanced turbofan was acoustically tested in the NASA Glenn 9- by 15-Foot Low-Speed Wind Tunnel in 1994. The Universal Propulsion Simulator fan was designed and manufactured by General Electric Aircraft Engines, and included an active core, as well as bypass, flow paths. The fan was tested with several rotors featuring unswept, forward-swept and aft-swept designs of both metal and composite construction. Sideline acoustic data were taken with both hard and acoustically treated walls in the flow passages. The fan was tested within an airflow at a Mach number of 0.20, which is representative of aircraft takeoff/approach conditions. All rotors showed similar aerodynamic performance. However, the composite rotors typically showed higher noise levels than did corresponding metal rotors. Aft and forward rotor sweep showed at most modest reductions of transonic multiple pure tone levels. However, rotor sweep often introduced increased rotor-stator interaction tone levels. Broadband noise was typically higher for the composite rotors and also for the aft-swept metal rotor. Transonic MPT generation was reduced with increasing fan axis angle of attack (AOA); however, higher downstream noise levels did increase with AOA resulting in higher overall Effective Perceived Noise Level. Woodward, Richard P. and Hughes, Christopher E. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2012-217450, E-18180 WBS 561581.02.08.03.45.02.04

Author : Richard P. Woodward
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.73/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Acoustic performance of the GEAE UPS research fan in the NASA Glenn 9- by 15-foot low-speed wind tunnel written by Richard P. Woodward and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : Emily S. Nelson
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1136318194
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.91/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Green Aviation written by Emily S. Nelson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aircraft emissions currently account for ~3.5% of all greenhouse gas emissions. The number of passenger miles has increased by 5% annually despite 9/11, two wars and gloomy economic conditions. Since aircraft have no viable alternative to the internal combustion engine, improvements in aircraft efficiency and alternative fuel development become essential. This book comprehensively covers the relevant issues in green aviation. Environmental impacts, technology advances, public policy and economics are intricately linked to the pace of development that will be realized in the coming decades. Experts from NASA, industry and academia review current technology development in green aviation that will carry the industry through 2025 and beyond. This includes increased efficiency through better propulsion systems, reduced drag airframes, advanced materials and operational changes. Clean combustion and emission control of noise, exhaust gases and particulates are also addressed through combustor design and the use of alternative fuels. Economic imperatives from aircraft lifetime and maintenance logistics dictate the drive for "drop-in" fuels, blending jet-grade and biofuel. New certification standards for alternative fuels are outlined. Life Cycle Assessments are used to evaluate worldwide biofuel approaches, highlighting that there is no single rational approach for sustainable buildup. In fact, unless local conditions are considered, the use of biofuels can create a net increase in environmental impact as a result of biofuel manufacturing processes. Governmental experts evaluate current and future regulations and their impact on green aviation. Sustainable approaches to biofuel development are discussed for locations around the globe, including the US, EU, Brazil, China and India.

Author : National Aeronaut Administration (Nasa)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.23/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Acoustic Performance of an Advanced Model Turbofan in Three Aeroacoustic Test Facilities written by National Aeronaut Administration (Nasa) and published by . This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model advanced turbofan was acoustically tested in the NASA Glenn 9- by 15-Foot-Low-Speed Wind Tunnel (LSWT), and in two other aeroacoustic facilities. The Universal Propulsion Simulator (UPS) fan was designed and manufactured by the General Electric Aircraft Engines (GEAE) Company, and featured active core, as well as bypass, flow paths. The reference test configurations were with the metal, M4, rotor with hardwall and treated bypass flow ducts. The UPS fan was tested within an airflow at a Mach number of 0.20 (limited flow data were also acquired at a Mach number of 0.25) which is representative of aircraft takeoff and approach conditions. Comparisons were made between data acquired within the airflow (9x15 LSWT and German-Dutch Wind Tunnel (DNW)) and outside of a free jet (Boeing Low Speed Aero acoustic Facility (LSAF) and DNW). Sideline data were acquired on an 89-in. (nominal 4 fan diameters) sideline using the same microphone assembly and holder in the 9x15 LSWT and DNW facilities. These data showed good agreement for similar UPS operating conditions and configurations. Distortion of fan spectra tonal content through a free jet shear layer was documented, suggesting that in-flow acoustic measurements are required for comprehensive fan noise diagnostics. However, there was good agreement for overall sound power level (PWL) fan noise measurements made both within and outside of the test facility airflow. Woodward, Richard P. and Hughes, Christopher E. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2012-217608, E-18189 ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENT; AEROACOUSTICS; LOW SPEED WIND TUNNELS; TEST FACILITIES; TURBOFANS; WIND TUNNEL TESTS; AIRCRAFT MODELS; SIMULATORS; NOISE REDUCTION; SHEAR LAYERS; FREE JETS; FAN BLADES; AIR FLOW

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781726184670
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.76/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Aeroacoustic Analysis of Fan Noise Reduction with Increased Bypass Nozzle Area written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-27 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An advanced model turbofan was tested in the NASA Glenn 9-by 15-Foot Low Speed Wind Tunnel (9x15 LSWT) to explore far field acoustic effects of increased bypass nozzle area. This fan stage test was part of the NASA Glenn Fan Broadband Source Diagnostic Test, second entry (SDT2) which acquired aeroacoustic results over a range of test conditions. The baseline nozzle was sized to produce maximum stage performance at cruise condition. However, the wind tunnel testing is conducted near sea level condition. Therefore, in order to simulate and obtain performance at other operating conditions, two additional nozzles were designed and tested one with +5 percent increase in weight flow (+5.4 percent increase in nozzle area compared with the baseline nozzle), sized to simulate the performance at the stage design point (takeoff) condition, and the other with a +7.5 percent increase in weight flow (+10.9 percent increase in nozzle area) sized for maximum weight flow with a fixed nozzle at sea level condition. Measured acoustic benefits with increased nozzle area were very encouraging, showing overall sound power level (OAPWL) reductions of 2 or more dB while the stage thrust actually increased by 2 to 3 percent except for the most open nozzle at takeoff rotor speed where stage performance decreased. Effective perceived noise levels for a 1500 ft engine flyover and 3.35 scale factor showed a similar noise reduction of 2 or more EPNdB. Noise reductions, principally in the level of broadband noise, were observed everywhere in the far field. Laser Doppler Velocimetry measurements taken downstream of the rotor showed that the total turbulent velocity decreased with increasing nozzle flow, which may explain the reduced rotor broadband noise levels.Woodward, Richard P. and Hughes, Christopher E. and Podboy, Gary G.Glenn Research CenterAEROACOUSTICS; FAN BLADES; LOW SPEED WIND TUNNELS; NOZZLE FLOW; WIND TUNNEL TESTS; NOISE REDUCTION; AIRCRAFT ENGINES; BYPASSES; NOZZLE DESIGN; EFFECTIVE...

Author : Paul R. Soderman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.86/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Acoustic performance of two 1.83-meter-diameter fans designed for a wind-tunnel drive system written by Paul R. Soderman and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781720522010
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.14/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Fan Noise Source Diagnostic Test written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aerodynamic performance of an isolated fan or rotor alone model was measured in the NASA Glenn Research Center 9- by 15- Foot Low Speed Wind Tunnel as part of the Fan Broadband Source Diagnostic Test conducted at NASA Glenn. The Source Diagnostic Test was conducted to identify the noise sources within a wind tunnel scale model of a turbofan engine and quantify their contribution to the overall system noise level. The fan was part of a 1/5th scale model representation of the bypass stage of a current technology turbofan engine. For the rotor alone testing, the fan and nacelle, including the inlet, external cowl, and fixed area fan exit nozzle, were modeled in the test hardware; the internal outlet guide vanes located behind the fan were removed. Without the outlet guide vanes, the velocity at the nozzle exit changes significantly, thereby affecting the fan performance. As part of the investigation, variations in the fan nozzle area were tested in order to match as closely as possible the rotor alone performance with the fan performance obtained with the outlet guide vanes installed. The fan operating performance was determined using fixed pressure/temperature combination rakes and the corrected weight flow. The performance results indicate that a suitable nozzle exit was achieved to be able to closely match the rotor alone and fan/outlet guide vane configuration performance on the sea level operating line. A small shift in the slope of the sea level operating line was measured, which resulted in a slightly higher rotor alone fan pressure ratio at take-off conditions, matched fan performance at cutback conditions, and a slightly lower rotor alone fan pressure ratio at approach conditions. However, the small differences in fan performance at all fan conditions were considered too small to affect the fan acoustic performance.Hughes, Christopher E. and Jeracki, Robert J. and Woodward, Richard P. and Miller, Christopher J.Glenn Research CenterAERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTI

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781721777457
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.58/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Flow Measurements and Multiple Pure Tone Noise from a Forward Swept Fan written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-24 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A forward-swept fan, designated the Quiet High Speed Fan (QHSF), was tested in the NASA Glenn 9- by 15-foot Low Speed Wind Tunnel to investigate its noise reduction relative to a baseline fan of the same aerodynamic performance. The objective of the Quiet High Speed Fan was a 6-dB reduction in the Effective Perceived Noise Level relative to the baseline fan at the takeoff condition. The intent of the Quiet High Speed Fan design was to provide both a multiple pure tone noise reduction from the forward sweep of the fan rotor and a rotor-stator interaction blade passing tone noise reduction from a leaned stator. The tunnel noise data indicted that the Quiet High Speed Fan was quieter than the baseline fan for a significant portion of the operating line and was 6 dB quieter near the takeoff condition. Although reductions in the multiple pure tones were observed, the vast majority of the EPNdB reduction was a result of the reduction in the blade passing tone and its harmonics. Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) and shroud unsteady pressure measurement data were obtained upstream of the QHSF and baseline rotors to improve the understanding of the shocks which propagate upstream of the two fans when they are operated at high speeds. The flow phenomena that produce multiple pure tone noise is discussed and compared to measurements of the fan acoustic inlet modes and the far field noise signature of the fan. Weir, Donald S. and Podboy, Gary G. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2005-213413, AIAA Paper 2005-1200, E-14931

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781721295630
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.31/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Acoustic Benefits of Stator Sweep and Lean for a High Tip Speed Fan written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-19 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model high-speed fan stage was acoustically tested in the NASA Glenn 9- by 15-Foot Low Speed Wind Tunnel at takeoff/approach flight conditions. The fan was designed for a corrected rotor tip speed of 442 m/s (1450 ft/s), and had a powered core, or booster stage, giving the model a nominal bypass ratio of 5. The model also had a simulated engine pylon and nozzle bifurcation contained within the bypass duct. The fan was tested with three stator sets to evaluate acoustic benefits associated with a swept and leaned stator and with a swept integral vane/frame stator which incorporated some of the swept and leaned features as well as eliminated some of the downstream support structure. The baseline fan with the wide chord rotor and baseline stator approximated a current GEAE CF6 engine. A flyover effective perceived noise level (EPNL) code was used to generate relative EPNL values for the various configurations. Flyover effective perceived noise levels (EPNL) were computed from the model data to help project noise benefits. A tone removal study was also performed. The swept and leaned stator showed a 3 EPNdB reduction at lower fan speeds relative to the baseline stator; while the swept integral vane/frame stator showed lowest noise levels at intermediate fan speeds. Removal of the bypass blade passage frequency rotor tone (BPF) showed a 4 EPNdB reduction for the baseline and swept and leaned stators, and a 6 EPNdB reduction for the swept integral vane/ frame stator. Therefore, selective tone removal techniques such as active noise control and/or tuned liner could be particularly effective in reducing noise levels for certain fan speeds. Woodward, Richard P. and Gazzaniga, John A. and Bartos, Linda J. and Hughes, Christopher E. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2002-211345, E-13143, NAS 1.15:211345, AIAA Paper 2002-1034

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781721683918
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.17/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Download or read book Noise Benefits of Increased Fan Bypass Nozzle Area written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An advanced model turbofan (typical of current engine technology) was tested in the NASA Glenn 9 by 15 Foot Low Speed Wind Tunnel (9-by 15-Foot LSWT) to explore far field acoustic effects of increased bypass nozzle area. This fan stage test was part of the NASA Glenn Fan Broadband Source Diagnostic Test, second entry (SDT2) which acquired aeroacoustic results over a range of test conditions. The baseline nozzle was sized to produce maximum stage performance for the engine at a high altitude, cruise point condition. However, the wind tunnel testing is conducted near sea level conditions. Therefore, in order to simulate and obtain performance at other aircraft operating conditions, two additional nozzles were designed and tested-one with a +5 percent increase in weight flow (+5.4 percent increase in nozzle area compared with the baseline nozzle), sized to simulate the performance at the stage design point conditions, and the other with a +7.5 percent increase in weight flow (+10.9 percent increase in nozzle area), sized for maximum weight flow with a fixed nozzle at sea level conditions. Measured acoustic benefits with increased nozzle area were very encouraging, showing overall sound power level (OAPWL) reductions of 2 or more dB while the stage thrust actually increased by several percentage points except fro the most open nozzle at takeoff rotor speed where stage performance decreased. These noise reduction benefits were seen to primarily affect broadband noise, and were evident throughout the range of measured sideline angles. Woodward, Richard P. and Hughes, Christopher E. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2004-213396, AIAA Paper 2005-1201, E-14899