Abduction Reason And Science

Author : L. Magnani
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 144198562X
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.20/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Abduction, Reason and Science written by L. Magnani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book ties together the concerns of philosophers of science and AI researchers, showing for example the connections between scientific thinking and medical expert systems. It lays out a useful general framework for discussion of a variety of kinds of abduction. It develops important ideas about aspects of abductive reasoning that have been relatively neglected in cognitive science, including the use of visual and temporal representations and the role of abduction in the withdrawal of hypotheses.

Author : Lorenzo Magnani
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364237428X
Total Pages : 633 pages
Book Rating : 4.89/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology written by Lorenzo Magnani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-31 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains contributions presented during the international conference on Model-Based Reasoning (MBR ́012), held on June 21-23 in Sestri Levante, Italy. Interdisciplinary researchers discuss in this volume how scientific cognition and other kinds of cognition make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order to produce important or creative changes in theories and concepts. Some of the contributions analyzed the problem of model-based reasoning in technology and stressed the issues of scientific and technological innovation. The book is divided in three main parts: models, mental models, representations; abduction, problem solving and practical reasoning; historical, epistemological and technological issues. The volume is based on the papers that were presented at the international

Author : John R. Shook
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030617734
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.38/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Abduction in Cognition and Action written by John R. Shook and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-29 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers together novel essays on the state-of-the-art research into the logic and practice of abduction. In many ways, abduction has become established and essential to several fields, such as logic, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, philosophy of science, and methodology. In recent years this interest in abduction’s many aspects and functions has accelerated. There are evidently several different interpretations and uses for abduction. Many fundamental questions on abduction remain open. How is abduction manifested in human cognition and intelligence? What kinds or types of abduction can be discerned? What is the role for abduction in inquiry and mathematical discovery? The chapters aim at providing answer to these and other current questions. Their contributors have been at the forefront of discussions on abduction, and offer here their updated approaches to the issues that they consider central to abduction’s contemporary relevance. The book is an essential reading for any scholar or professional keeping up with disciplines impacted by the study of abductive reasoning, and its novel development and applications in various fields.

Author : Lorenzo Magnani
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642036317
Total Pages : 549 pages
Book Rating : 4.16/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Abductive Cognition written by Lorenzo Magnani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-13 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores abductive cognition, an important but, at least until the third quarter of the last century, neglected topic in cognition. It aims at increasing knowledge about creative and expert inferences.

Author : Igor Douven
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262369915
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.16/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Art of Abduction written by Igor Douven and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-11-08 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel defense of abduction, one of the main forms of nondeductive reasoning. With this book, Igor Douven offers the first comprehensive defense of abduction, a form of nondeductive reasoning. Abductive reasoning, which is guided by explanatory considerations, has been under normative pressure since the advent of Bayesian approaches to rationality. Douven argues that, although it deviates from Bayesian tenets, abduction is nonetheless rational. Drawing on scientific results, in particular those from reasoning research, and using computer simulations, Douven addresses the main critiques of abduction. He shows that versions of abduction can perform better than the currently popular Bayesian approaches—and can even do the sort of heavy lifting that philosophers have hoped it would do. Douven examines abduction in detail, comparing it to other modes of inference, explaining its historical roots, discussing various definitions of abduction given in the philosophical literature, and addressing the problem of underdetermination. He looks at reasoning research that investigates how judgments of explanation quality affect people’s beliefs and especially their changes of belief. He considers the two main objections to abduction, the dynamic Dutch book argument, and the inaccuracy-minimization argument, and then gives abduction a positive grounding, using agent-based models to show the superiority of abduction in some contexts. Finally, he puts abduction to work in a well-known underdetermination argument, the argument for skepticism regarding the external world.

Author : Lorenzo Magnani
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139466895
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.99/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Morality in a Technological World written by Lorenzo Magnani and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-08-13 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technological advances of contemporary society have outpaced our moral understanding of the problems that they create. How will we deal with profound ecological changes, human cloning, hybrid people, and eroding cyberprivacy, just to name a few issues? In this book, Lorenzo Magnani argues that existing moral constructs often cannot be applied to new technology. He proposes an entirely different ethical approach, one that blends epistemology with cognitive science. The resulting moral strategy promises renewed dignity for overlooked populations, both of today and of the future.

Author : Atocha Aliseda
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402039077
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.72/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Abductive Reasoning written by Atocha Aliseda and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-16 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abductive Reasoning: Logical Investigations into Discovery and Explanation is a much awaited original contribution to the study of abductive reasoning, providing logical foundations and a rich sample of pertinent applications. Divided into three parts on the conceptual framework, the logical foundations, and the applications, this monograph takes the reader for a comprehensive and erudite tour through the taxonomy of abductive reasoning, via the logical workings of abductive inference ending with applications pertinent to scientific explanation, empirical progress, pragmatism and belief revision.

Author : Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401704872
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.78/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Logic and Scientific Methods written by Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first of two volumes comprising the papers submitted for publication by the invited participants to the Tenth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, held in Florence, August 1995. The Congress was held under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science. The invited lectures published in the two volumes demonstrate much of what goes on in the fields of the Congress and give the state of the art of current research. The two volumes cover the traditional subdisciplines of mathematical logic and philosophical logic, as well as their interfaces with computer science, linguistics and philosophy. Philosophy of science is broadly represented, too, including general issues of natural sciences, social sciences and humanities. The papers in Volume One are concerned with logic, mathematical logic, the philosophy of logic and mathematics, and computer science.

Author : Ilkka Niiniluoto
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319991574
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.73/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Truth-Seeking by Abduction written by Ilkka Niiniluoto and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the philosophical conception of abductive reasoning as developed by Charles S. Peirce, the founder of American pragmatism. It explores the historical and systematic connections of Peirce's original ideas and debates about their interpretations. Abduction is understood in a broad sense which covers the discovery and pursuit of hypotheses and inference to the best explanation. The analysis presents fresh insights into this notion of reasoning, which derives from effects to causes or from surprising observations to explanatory theories. The author outlines some logical and AI approaches to abduction as well as studies various kinds of inverse problems in astronomy, physics, medicine, biology, and human sciences to provide examples of retroductions and abductions. The discussion covers also everyday examples with the implication of this notion in detective stories, one of Peirce’s own favorite themes. The author uses Bayesian probabilities to argue that explanatory abduction is a method of confirmation. He uses his own account of truth approximation to reformulate abduction as inference which leads to the truthlikeness of its conclusion. This allows a powerful abductive defense of scientific realism. This up-to-date survey and defense of the Peircean view of abduction may very well help researchers, students, and philosophers better understand the logic of truth-seeking.

Author : Lorenzo Magnani
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780306472442
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.49/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Model-Based Reasoning written by Lorenzo Magnani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-05-31 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are several key ingredients common to the various forms of model-based reasoning considered in this book. The term ‘model’ comprises both internal and external representations. The models are intended as interpretations of target physical systems, processes, phenomena, or situations and are retrieved or constructed on the basis of potentially satisfying salient constraints of the target domain. The book’s contributors are researchers active in the area of creative reasoning in science and technology.