What Makes Us Smart

Author : Samuel Gershman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691225990
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.99/5 ( download)

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Download or read book What Makes Us Smart written by Samuel Gershman and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How a computational framework can account for the successes and failures of human cognition At the heart of human intelligence rests a fundamental puzzle: How are we incredibly smart and stupid at the same time? No existing machine can match the power and flexibility of human perception, language, and reasoning. Yet, we routinely commit errors that reveal the failures of our thought processes. What Makes Us Smart makes sense of this paradox by arguing that our cognitive errors are not haphazard. Rather, they are the inevitable consequences of a brain optimized for efficient inference and decision making within the constraints of time, energy, and memory—in other words, data and resource limitations. Framing human intelligence in terms of these constraints, Samuel Gershman shows how a deeper computational logic underpins the “stupid” errors of human cognition. Embarking on a journey across psychology, neuroscience, computer science, linguistics, and economics, Gershman presents unifying principles that govern human intelligence. First, inductive bias: any system that makes inferences based on limited data must constrain its hypotheses in some way before observing data. Second, approximation bias: any system that makes inferences and decisions with limited resources must make approximations. Applying these principles to a range of computational errors made by humans, Gershman demonstrates that intelligent systems designed to meet these constraints yield characteristically human errors. Examining how humans make intelligent and maladaptive decisions, What Makes Us Smart delves into the successes and failures of cognition.

Author : Don Norman
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 9780201626957
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.50/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Things That Make Us Smart written by Don Norman and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 1994-04-21 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Things That Make Us Smart, Donald A. Norman explores the complex interaction between human thought and the technology it creates, arguing for the development of machines that fit our minds, rather than minds that must conform to the machine.Humans have always worked with objects to extend our cognitive powers, from counting on our fingers to designing massive supercomputers. But advanced technology does more than merely assist with thought and memory—the machines we create begin to shape how we think and, at times, even what we value. Norman, in exploring this complex relationship between humans and machines, gives us the first steps towards demanding a person-centered redesign of the machines that surround our lives.

Author : Thom Markham
Publisher : Corwin Press
ISBN 13 : 1506304613
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.18/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Redefining Smart written by Thom Markham and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2015-05-27 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Equip Your Students To Create Their Own Intellectual Destiny! The best teachers are the ones who can empower students to ask intelligent questions and persistently seek the answers. In this book you’ll find a proven, detailed method for how to do this, by learning: A groundbreaking new approach to content delivery and instruction, geared towards maximizing student discovery, deep thought, exploration and creativity Why educators must let go of student IQ as a concept that influences teaching methods in any way How to create a protocol-driven environment that fosters deep sharing and reflection

Author : Gerd Gigerenzer
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780195143812
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.17/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Simple Heuristics that Make Us Smart written by Gerd Gigerenzer and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fast and frugal heuristics - simple rules for making decisions with realistic mental resources - are presented here. Developing computational models of heuristics shows how fast and frugal heuristics can yield adaptive decisions.

Author : Jacqueline P. Leighton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521810906
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.06/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Nature of Reasoning written by Jacqueline P. Leighton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-11-03 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reasoning to the mind is like breathing to the lungs. We are constantly doing it, but rarely take notice. If it fails, however, we are paralyzed. Imagine being unable to infer conclusions from a conversation or being unable to reach a solution to an important life problem. This book focuses on how people draw conclusions from information and discusses the roles that the brain, our memory, and our knowledge play in drawing conclusions in everyday life.

Author : Thomas A. Durkin
Publisher : Financial Management Associati
ISBN 13 : 0195169921
Total Pages : 737 pages
Book Rating : 4.28/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Consumer Credit and the American Economy written by Thomas A. Durkin and published by Financial Management Associati. This book was released on 2014 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article provides an introduction to a law review symposium by the Journal of Law, Economics, and Policy on our book (co-authored with Michael E. Staten), Consumer Credit and the American Economy (Oxford 2014). The conference, held November 2014, collects several articles responding to and building on the research agenda laid out by our book. For those who have not read the book, this article is intended to summarize several of the main themes of the book, including discussion of economic models of consumer credit usage, trends in consumer credit usage over time, the use of high-cost credit, and behavioral economics.

Author : David M. Buss
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118755855
Total Pages : 640 pages
Book Rating : 4.53/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, Volume 2 written by David M. Buss and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-09-29 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete exploration of the real-world applications and implications of evolutionary psychology The exciting and sometimes controversial science of evolutionary psychology is becoming increasingly relevant to more fields of study than ever before. The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, Volume 2, Integrations provides students and researchers with new insight into how EP draws from, and is applied in, fields as diverse as economics, anthropology, neuroscience, genetics, and political science, among others. In this thorough revision and expansion of the groundbreaking handbook, luminaries in the field provide an in-depth exploration of the foundations of evolutionary psychology as they relate to public policy, consumer behavior, organizational leadership, and legal issues. Evolutionary psychology seeks to explain the reasons behind friendship, leadership, warfare, morality, religion, and culture — in short, what it means to be human. This enlightening text provides a foundational knowledgebase in EP, along with expert insights and the most up-to-date coverage of recent theories and findings. Explore the vast and expanding applications of evolutionary psychology Discover the psychology of human survival, mating parenting, cooperation and conflict, culture, and more Identify how evolutionary psychology is interwoven with other academic subjects and traditional psychological disciplines Discuss future applications of the conceptual tools of evolutionary psychology As the established standard in the field, The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, Volume 2 is the definitive guide for every psychologist and student to understand the latest and most exciting applications of evolutionary psychology.

Author : Mie Augier
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262012089
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.81/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Models of a Man written by Mie Augier and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004-03-26 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays that pay tribute to the wide-ranging influence of the late Herbert Simon, by friends and colleagues. Herbert Simon (1916-2001), in the course of a long and distinguished career in the social and behavioral sciences, made lasting contributions to many disciplines, including economics, psychology, computer science, and artificial intelligence. In 1978 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in economics for his research into the decision-making process within economic organizations. His well-known book The Sciences of the Artificial addresses the implications of the decision-making and problem-solving processes for the social sciences. This book (the title is a variation on the title of Simon's autobiography, Models of My Life) is a collection of short essays, all original, by colleagues from many fields who felt Simon's influence and mourn his loss. Mixing reminiscence and analysis, the book represents "a small acknowledgment of a large debt." Each of the more than forty contributors was asked to write about the one work by Simon that he or she had found most influential. The editors then grouped the essays into four sections: "Modeling Man," "Organizations and Administration," "Modeling Systems," and "Minds and Machines." The contributors include such prominent figures as Kenneth Arrow, William Baumol, William Cooper, Gerd Gigerenzer, Daniel Kahneman, David Klahr, Franco Modigliani, Paul Samuelson, and Vernon Smith. Although they consider topics as disparate as "Is Bounded Rationality Unboundedly Rational?" and "Personal Recollections from 15 Years of Monthly Meetings," each essay is a testament to the legacy of Herbert Simon—to see the unity rather than the divergences among disciplines.

Author : Linda O'Riordan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3658067942
Total Pages : 641 pages
Book Rating : 4.46/5 ( download)

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Download or read book New Perspectives on Corporate Social Responsibility written by Linda O'Riordan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-14 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a timely contribution to the ongoing questions surrounding topics which are by definition subject to varying stakeholder interpretations, this book addresses “the missing link” between theoretical CSR concepts and everyday management practice. It acts as a guide to awaken managers to the advantages of adopting a CSR “mindset” when developing sustainable business strategies. The book consists of three parts: 1) A theoretical realm which establishes the key concepts and rationale for the adoption of a sustainable CSR approach, 2) A practical realm which addresses putting CSR and sustainability into business practice, 3) An educational realm which proposes how to incorporate the concepts into teaching and training.

Author : Rich Karlgaard
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118829425
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.24/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Soft Edge written by Rich Karlgaard and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-07 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What Does it Take to Get Ahead Now—And Stay There? High performance has always required shrewd strategy and superb execution. These factors remain critical, especially given today’s unprecedented business climate. But Rich Karlgaard—Forbes publisher, entrepreneur, investor, and board director—takes a surprising turn and argues that there is now a third element that’s required for competitive advantage. It fosters innovation, it accelerates strategy and execution, and it cannot be copied or bought. It is found in a perhaps surprising place—your company’s values. Karlgaard examined a variety of enduring companies and found that they have one thing in common; all have leveraged their deepest values alongside strategy and execution, allowing them to fuel growth as well as weather hard times. Karlgaard shares these stories and identifies the five key variables that make up every organization’s “soft edge”: Trust: Northwestern Mutual has built a $25 million dollar revenue juggernaut on trust, the foundation of lasting success. Learn how to create an environment that engenders trust and propels high performance. Smarts: In most technical fields your formal education quickly becomes out of date. How do you keep up? Learn how the Mayo Clinic, Stanford University women’s basketball team, and others stay on top by relentlessly pursuing an advantage through smarts. Teamwork: Since collaboration and innovation are a must in the global economy, effective teamwork is vital. Learn how global giant FedEx stays focused and how nimble Nest Labs relies on lean teams with cognitive diversity. Taste: Clever product design and integration are proxies for intelligence because they make customers feel smart. But taste goes further into deep emotional engagement. Specialized Bicycles calls it “the elusive spot between data truth and human truth.” How can you consistently make products or services that trigger these emotional touch points? Story: Companies that achieve lasting success have an enduring and emotionally appealing story. What’s your company’s story? How do you tell it your way? Gain the ability to create a powerful narrative in a world where outsiders often exercise the louder voice.